More than 1600 years ago, the inhabitants of the Nazca culture developed a system of puquios
or aqueducts that provided water throughout the year, not only for agriculture and irrigation
but also for domestic needs.
The aqueducts conduct the filtrations of the Aija, Tierra Blancas and Nazca rivers through
underground and uncovered sections. In the covered sections, they built helical section chimneys
every certain section (50, 100 and 120m), in order to maintain the trenches and load the aqueduct
with atmospheric pressure, maintaining the uniform flow regime, in order not to cause erosion
or sedimentation in the canal.
The walls of these fireplaces are lined with pebble stones, apparently laid without binder and
maintain their stability despite natural phenomena.
In addition, in the covered sections, they roofed the canal for which they used stone slabs and
finely placed Huarango slats. The construction of these covered sections suggests that they knew
underground topography techniques.

The uncovered sections were lined with pebble stone, placed in such a way and without any
binder, that they have resisted the onslaught of nature. The flows that flow through these range
from 13 to 50 healing hydraulic energy holes. There are more than 30 that cross the entire Nazca
Valley.